Why do age spots appear on the face?

At every age, a woman dreams of looking beautiful and struggles with various troubles on her face. In youth, these are freckles and teenage acne, in adulthood, wrinkles and sagging skin. But there is a problem that can appear at any age - these are age spots. Of course, most often they overtake a woman after 40, when various malfunctions occur in the skin during the production of melanin. However, recently you can observe age spots in very young girls. What is it - a serious malfunction in the body or a temporary phenomenon? In this article, you will learn what pigment spots are, how and why they appear, and also get acquainted with the main methods of removing them - both hardware and home.

Causes of age spots

A pigmented spot is a skin area with clear edges that has a darker shade and stands out against the background of the general color of the epidermis. Brown spots are most often seen in people with fair skin. Freckles are also pigmented spots, but some do not consider them a cosmetic defect. To remove age spots and make the face monotonous, you need to know why they appear.

1. Ultraviolet. This is the most common cause of age spots on the face. After all, in fact, a spot is an accumulation of melanin, which is actively produced under the influence of sunlight. Freckles most often begin to appear in the spring, when unprepared after winter skin is exposed to bright sunlight. After tanning, the skin can peel off - the upper layer of the epidermis is removed. If you do not properly care for the skin at this time, age spots may appear. It is extremely important to protect yourself from the sun - especially the face, because the skin there is especially thin and delicate. After all, traces after exposure to ultraviolet radiation are not only a cosmetic defect. Frequent and aggressive sun exposure to the skin can lead to oncology. Therefore, a hat with wide brim and sunscreen is a prerequisite when under the sun for people with fair skin.
2. Age-related changes. The age spots that appear in people in adulthood are called lentigo. As a rule, they appear where the skin is most exposed to sun exposure throughout life. This is the neckline, arms, upper back and shoulders, face. Such pigmentation occurs due to the active synthesis of melanin, but the impossibility of its distribution over the entire surface of the skin.
3. Hormones. Hormonal remodeling of the body is another very common reason why pigmentation occurs. The fact is that melanin is produced throughout life and is evenly distributed on the surface of the skin. We need it to protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation. Hormones are responsible for the distribution of this substance over the skin. So, if the natural balance of these hormones is disturbed, melanin can be localized in certain places. Hormonal changes in the body occur during pregnancy. The appearance of age spots for this period is a frequent occurrence, especially in the third trimester. Pigmentation may intensify during menopause, during the administration of oral contraceptives, after an abortion.
4. Heredity. The structure and thickness of the skin, its susceptibility to sunlight, and its tendency to produce melanin are a hereditary factor. This information is passed from parent to child genetically. In the event that the parents have had or have skin problems, their health in this regard should be treated more carefully.
5. Skin damage. Often you can notice dark spots on the face after acne and black spots, which are then very difficult to get rid of. Similar scars may remain due to mechanical damage to the skin. Pigmentation can also occur at the site of burns, after treatment of inflammation, boils, open wounds. Very often, the pigment appears due to improper peeling. After removing the upper layer of the epidermis, the skin must be very carefully protected from the sun. When ultraviolet radiation gets on unprotected skin, pigmentation intensifies several times.
6. Diseases of the internal organs. It happens that the pigmentation on the face indicates a malfunction in some internal organs. If the spots are more yellow in color, this indicates kidney disease. If the pigmentation is saturated brown, it is most likely a matter of the liver. Brown spots may appear when the gallbladder, pancreas is disturbed. If spots are combined with various types of rashes, you need to check the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
7. Metabolism. With a violation and slowdown of metabolic processes in the body, toxins and toxins simply do not have time to get out. This leads to the fact that they can stand out in the tissue, namely, on the skin. Brown spots can appear due to strong nervous experiences, with mental disorders, during a strict diet due to lack of vitamins. Pigmentation very often occurs against a background of deficiency of vitamin C and copper.
8. Allergic reaction. Very often, age spots can be an allergic reaction to some types of cosmetics - both decorative and caring. As a rule, such a reaction occurs immediately after application and passes quickly. Therefore, there are no problems with the diagnosis.

Brown spots are not just a cosmetic defect. Any darkening on the skin, and especially if they change their structure, shape and color intensity, needs to be investigated. Be sure to see a doctor to exclude various skin diseases and oncology.

How to treat age spots

With the problem of age spots, it is imperative to see a doctor, also because the doctor must determine the cause of their appearance. This is very important because, only knowing the source of the problem, it can be solved once and for all. If the cause of the spots is an allergy, you need to exclude the action of the allergen and take antihistamines. As a rule, this is enough to make the spots disappear after a while. If it is a matter of diseases of the internal organs, you need to do a thorough diagnosis and identify the true diagnosis.

Pigment spots that occurred during pregnancy usually pass after childbirth. Other hormonal changes that provoked pigmentation should be brought back to normal. During menopause, a woman is prescribed special drugs that make up for the lack of estrogen, which the body no longer produces. This allows you to even out the hormonal background and get rid of age spots.

If the pigment appeared due to age-related changes, exposure to the sun or a violation of the integrity of the skin, only cosmetic procedures will help. With the right approach, the tone of the face can be aligned almost completely.

Cosmetic procedures against age spots

Here are popular cosmetic procedures with which you can clean your face from age spots.

1. Cryotherapy. This exposure to liquid nitrogen, which brightens the surface layer of the skin. After the procedure, scars may remain, so only an experienced master should trust.
2. Laser. You can remove age spots with a laser. The method is applicable for small areas of pigmentation. The laser gently removes the upper layer of the epidermis along with dark areas. This is a good way to get rid of pigment - after laser exposure there are no scars and traces.
3. Peeling. This is a large group of various procedures, which consists in exfoliating the upper layer of the epidermis. Chemical peeling involves applying various acids to the skin that corrode keratinized skin flakes. Mechanical peeling is a direct effect and mechanical removal of the upper layer of the epidermis. One of the types of mechanical peeling is dermabrasion, when the skin is cleaned by a special doctor on the axis with a brush.
4. Mesotherapy Mesotherapy is the introduction of a special vitamin complex under the skin, which saturates it with the necessary components and brightens age spots.
5. Phototherapy. This method is used for deep and pronounced pigmentation. Certain light pulses act on the subcutaneous layer and brighten the pigment from the inside.

The cosmetologist will help you choose the right procedure that is right for you. But do not despair if there is no time or money to go to the salon. It is possible to whiten the skin with improvised means.

How to whiten skin at home

Firstly, you need to use special whitening creams, lotions and tonics. They contain components that, over and over, lightly lighten pigmentation. Such skin care products must be used constantly. Once a week, peeling must be done to remove the upper stratum corneum. After all, the pigment accumulates mainly on the surface of the epidermis. The rest of the time you need to do caring and brightening face masks that will help you even out its color. Here are the most popular and truly effective remedies for getting rid of age spots.

1. Parsley and cucumber. Half of the cucumber must be ground in a blender with a bunch of parsley applied to the skin of the face. Leave on for 10 minutes and then rinse off the mask with warm water.
2. Lemon and kefir. Lemon should be mixed with kefir and apply this mask on the face every day. It not only brightens, but also perfectly moisturizes and tones the skin.
3. Chamomile. A strong broth of chamomile whitens the face. Broth can be washed in the morning and evening. If you mix it with alcohol, you get a lightening lotion for oily skin. Freeze the daisy in cubes and get invigorating skin lightening procedures.
4. Lemon, sugar, butter. Mix a tablespoon of lemon with the same amount of any cosmetic oil. Add a teaspoon of sugar and peel until the sugar has dissolved. Citric acid corrodes the surface of the skin, sugar crystals exfoliate flakes of dead skin, and the oil moisturizes and nourishes it. This is a wonderful homemade scrub recipe that perfectly cleanses the skin.
5. Hydrogen peroxide. This is another composition that whitens any surface, including skin. But peroxide must be applied pointwise - directly on dark areas to even out the overall tone of the face. After peroxide, apply a nourishing cream to your face and drive it with your fingertips for 5 minutes. This will moisturize the epidermis, otherwise the skin will begin to peel off.
6. Viburnum. Few people know, but this delicious berry also has an excellent brightening property. 3-5 fresh or frozen berries should be chopped and the pulp applied to the face. Leave on for 10 minutes and then rinse with water. The result will be noticeable after the first application - the skin will become a little lighter.

All of these ingredients have powerful whitening properties. They can be used individually or combined in various masks. The main thing is not to hold the mask for too long and follow the process, otherwise the face will lighten very much.

In the fight against pigmentation, it is very important to pay attention to prevention. Be sure to use sunscreen with a high level of SPF when going out. Wear caps, hats, and other hats with wide floors to protect your skin from direct sunlight. Especially after peeling.Refuse the tanning bed, even if the tan seems attractive to you - this is a direct path to pigmentation. If acne and blackheads appear on the skin, do not crush or injure it - consult a cosmetologist. If the area of ​​pigmented skin increases, you must definitely see a doctor. Measures taken on time will help you restore your skin to its former purity and naturalness. Be irresistible at any age!

Video: home procedure for age spots on the face