Black dots on the face: why appear and how to remove them?

Every person at least once in his life has been faced with acne, black spots, various inflammations on his face. Only if someone suffers from skin problems is very rare, then others constantly wage a relentless struggle for a clean epidermis. Black dots (comedones) are open pores filled with grease, dust, and particles of the epithelium. It is not easy to deal with black dots, but with a competent approach, you can still defeat them. In this article, you will learn what black dots are, how they form, and how to get rid of them once and for all.

Reasons for the appearance of black dots

Human skin performs many important functions. Pores are needed in order to secrete sweat and sebum. Skin fat is a very necessary secret, which is released to protect the skin from drying out. It has been proven that people with oily skin age much later - constant hydration prevents wrinkles from appearing to the last.

But the excessive release of sebaceous fat leads to unpleasant consequences - the skin becomes glossy, a greasy shine appears, which does not look very neat. In addition, skin covered with a thick layer of body fat does not receive enough oxygen. But the main thing is clogging the pores. Skin fat is produced in such large quantities that it simply does not have time to be distributed on the surface of the skin. If you do not peel, the top layer of the epidermis does not allow sebum to go outside, fat accumulates in the pore, stretching it. If a microbe or bacterium appears inside, this leads to an inflammatory process, a large number of white blood cells and a purulent acne. If there were no pathogens inside the pores, comedones, or black dots, appear. They become black after oxidation with oxygen. We can say that oily skin and increased secretion of sebum are the main reason for the appearance of black dots. But why does the skin begin to actively produce fat? Here are a few factors that can trigger the active work of the sebaceous glands and the appearance of comedones.

1. Hormonal disruptions in the body. Most often, acne and black spots are observed in adolescents. This is not surprising, during puberty, the body begins to produce many pheromones and sebum, which in nature is necessary to attract a partner. Even the smell of sweat in adolescents during puberty becomes especially harsh. The skin can become excessively oily during pregnancy, before the menstrual cycle in women, while taking hormonal drugs. Any malfunction in the endocrine system, any hormonal imbalance can lead to similar consequences.
2. Improper facial skin care. This includes both illiterate and excessive care. The first mistake is the use of low-quality cosmetics, which clogs the pores. Owners of oily skin should give up foundation, especially in the hot season. The second mistake is the lack of peeling. Oily skin needs scrubbing like no other. If you do not remove the top layer of dead scales, sebum will accumulate inside the pore, which leads to their expansion and gums. The third mistake is the use of alcohol-based products for oily skin. Such products dry the upper layer of the epidermis without affecting the functioning of the sebaceous glands. This leads to the fact that the skin is dried and begins to produce sebum with even greater activity. Such a vicious circle turns out.Another mistake in oily skin care is excessive and permanent cleansing. There is a protective layer of a certain acidity on the skin. And with constant water procedures, this layer is removed. The skin begins to actively produce fat to at least somehow protect itself. This leads to increased activity of the sebaceous glands. Now you are convinced that oily skin needs to be looked after very competently.
3. Nutrition. The purity of our skin depends on what we eat. If you eat a large amount of fatty, sweet and carbohydrate foods, you can not even dream of a smooth skin without acne and comedones. After all, the face is an indicator of intestinal health. Very often, black dots are the result of prolonged constipation, food poisoning. The activity of the sebaceous glands may also be associated with a lack of vitamins and minerals. Eat natural foods, eat more vegetables and fruits in their raw form, drink multivitamin complexes during vitamin deficiency, get rid of constipation, and then your intestines will be grateful to you.
4. External factors. Comedones can form due to poor air quality. If you live in a humid climate, it is fraught with activity of the sebaceous glands. Very often comedones and blackheads appear in a dirty environment, this can be in industrial areas, when various gases and dust particles are thrown into the air.
5. Genetics. The skin type, as well as its tendency to acne and black spots, is transmitted genetically. Heredity plays an important role in this matter.

In addition, the activity of the sebaceous glands can increase in stressful situations - adrenaline accelerates many processes in the body. A regular consumption of nicotine and alcohol leads to a change in the chemical composition of sebaceous fat, this leads to clogging of pores. It is very important to find out the reason for the appearance of black dots, this will help you to prevent their reappearance. If the black dots are already flaunting on the skin, you need to get rid of them. This will help mechanical cleaning, performed in accordance with all the rules.

How to remove black dots

To rid the skin of black spots, you need to do a mechanical cleaning. To do this, the skin is pre-steamed, easy peeling is done, then cleaning, processing and narrowing of the pores. We describe the process in more detail.

1. First you need to steam the skin to make it soft and supple. This is a very important stage, since it will be quite difficult to squeeze out black dots without steaming. Many beauty parlors have a special device - a steamer. If you do the procedure at home, you can use the "services" of a conventional basin. Type hot water into it, substitute warm steam for your face and cover yourself with a blanket or coverlet to make the steam more concentrated. If there are acne and other inflammations, instead of plain water, use a decoction of calendula - it has a bactericidal property.
2. After steaming, you need to do a light peeling. To do this, mix lemon juice, almond or peach oil and natural coffee in a small bowl. Apply the mixture on the face, leave for 5 minutes. When the lemon juice softens and corrodes the upper keratinous layer of the skin, you need to gently massage the skin. Coffee granules are the smallest abrasive particles that perform mechanical cleaning. Oil nourishes and moisturizes the epidermis, reduces friction. Such scrubbing allows you to remove the upper layer of the epidermis, which prevents the removal of sebaceous plugs.
3. When the skin is steamed, and the upper layer is safely removed, you can proceed to the direct removal of sebaceous plugs. It is best to use a special tool for the procedure that simply squeezes the gums without injuring the skin. If there is no such tool, squeeze out the black dots with your fingers, but through a clean cloth so that the nail does not damage the delicate epidermis.After steaming, the skin is very soft and supple - you do not have to make special efforts. A slight push will be enough to get the cork to the surface.
4. After this, it is necessary to disinfect the skin with an alcohol-containing lotion. You can rinse your face with a decoction of calendula, which we used for steaming. At this time, the skin is most susceptible to various masks - the pores are open and the effect of the treatment masks will be maximum. You can apply kefir, pulp of cucumber, compress from a decoction of medicinal herbs, honey, eggs to the skin. Steamed pores are fertile soil, you can take a moment and apply any moisturizing and nourishing mask to your skin.
5. The final stage is rubbing the skin with ice cubes. This must be done in order to narrow the cleansed pores. Otherwise, the enlarged pores will again accumulate sebum.

This is a detailed algorithm for getting rid of black spots and deep cleansing of the skin. However, there are many more recipes that can help you in the fight against comedones.

Masks against black dots

In the fight against black spots, you can use various ready-made ointments, lotions, creams and masks. However, we know the recipe for an effective cleansing mask of gelatin and activated carbon. This is the most popular mask against black dots. It qualitatively eliminates sebaceous plugs without mechanical stress.

To prepare it, dissolve a tablespoon of gelatin with a small amount of water and leave it in a warm place. When the gelatin swells slightly, you need to add a crushed tablet of activated carbon into it and mix thoroughly. Put the prepared mass on the face and leave the mask until it dries completely. The structure of the mask is such that after it dries, it will be removed in whole layers, and on its inside you can see small columns - these are sebaceous plugs. The fact is that gelatin penetrates deep into the pores, seizes sebum, activated carbon disinfects the inner surface. When the mask dries, the gelatin is removed along with sebaceous plugs - we get high-quality and deep cleansing of the skin.

In addition to the gelatin mask, there is also a salt-soda mask, which also effectively fights against black dots. Mix salt and soda, dilute the resulting powder with water so that gruel is obtained. Apply it to affected areas of the skin. Soda gently softens sebum in the pores, and salt pushes it out. This is a great tool against black dots.

Another effective recipe against comedones is cinnamon, honey and aloe juice. Mix all the ingredients in equal proportions and massage the resulting skin area with black dots. Leave the mixture for half an hour, and then rinse with warm water. After a week of regular application, the skin will become cleaner and smoother, there will be much less black dots.

How to care for skin to avoid black dots

It is very good to use special strips against black dots that you can buy in pharmacies.They are applied to clean skin and remove sebaceous plugs, like a gelatin mask. As a rule, such strips have a certain shape - for the nose, forehead, chin. After all, it is these zones that are most prone to the formation of black dots.

If all these methods do not help you get rid of the black dots, and their number is constantly increasing, it is better to see a doctor. Perhaps this condition is a signal of serious endocrine disorders in the body. Keep your skin healthy and it will answer you with cleanliness and smoothness!

Video: we clear the nose and chin of black dots